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bad gradient

Толкование Перевод

1 bad gradient

тяжелый подъем

rising gradient — подъем

ascending gradient — подъем

severe gradient — тяжелый профиль

climbable gradient — преодолимый подъем

angle of gradient — угол подъема; угол уклона

English-Russian big polytechnic dictionary > bad gradient
2 bad gradient

Техника: тяжёлый подъём

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > bad gradient
3 bad gradient

тяжелый подъем

Англо русский политехнический словарь > bad gradient
4 angle of gradient

угол подъема; угол уклона

falling gradient — уклон

rising gradient — подъем

ascending gradient — подъем

bad gradient — тяжелый подъем

steady gradient — сплошной уклон

English-Russian big polytechnic dictionary > angle of gradient
5 climbable gradient

преодолимый подъем

rising gradient — подъем

ascending gradient — подъем

bad gradient — тяжелый подъем

angle of gradient — угол подъема; угол уклона

English-Russian big polytechnic dictionary > climbable gradient
6 rising gradient

подъем

ascending gradient — подъем

bad gradient — тяжелый подъем

climbable gradient — преодолимый подъем

angle of gradient — угол подъема; угол уклона

English-Russian big polytechnic dictionary > rising gradient
7 rising gradient

подъем

angle of gradient — угол подъема; угол уклона

climbable gradient — преодолимый подъем

bad gradient — тяжелый подъем

The English-Russian dictionary general scientific > rising gradient
8 severe gradient

тяжелый профиль

bad gradient — тяжелый подъем

change of gradient — перелом профиля пути

English-Russian big polytechnic dictionary > severe gradient
9 IN

I [ɪn]
preposizione

1) (expressing location)

in Spain — in Spagna

in Paris — a Parigi

in town — in città

in hospital — in o all'ospedale

in school — a o nella scuola

in the film — nel film

in the newspaper — sul giornale

in the dictionary — sul o nel dizionario

in the garden — in o nel giardino

in bed — a letto

I'm in here! — sono qui dentro!

2) (inside, within) in, dentro

in the box — nella scatola

there's something in it — c'è qualcosa dentro

3) (expressing subject, field) in

in insurance — nelle assicurazioni

a course in history — un corso di storia

expert in computers — esperto di computer

4) (included, involved)

to be in politics — occuparsi di politica

to be in the team — far parte della squadra

to be in on — colloq. essere al corrente di [ secret]

5) (in expressions of time)

in May — a o in maggio

in 1998 — nel 1998

in the night — di o nella notte

in the twenties — negli anni '20

at 4 in the morning — alle 4 del mattino

6) (within the space of) in

to do sth. in 10 minutes — fare qcs. in 10 minuti

7) (expressing the future) tra

I'll be back in half an hour — sarò di ritorno tra mezz'ora

8) (for) da

it hasn't rained in weeks — non piove da settimane

9) (because of) in, per, a causa di

in his hurry he forgot his keys — nella fretta dimenticò le chiavi

10) (with reflexive pronouns)

it's no bad thing in itself — in sé non è una brutta cosa

how do you feel in yourself? — che cosa provi?

learning Italian is not difficult in itself — di per sé, imparare l'italiano non è difficile

11) (present in)

you see it in children — lo si vede nei bambini

he hasn't got it in him to succeed — non ha la stoffa per farcela

there's something in what he says — c'è qualcosa di vero in ciò che dice

12) (expressing colour, size, composition) in

available in several colours — disponibile in vari colori

have you got it in a 16? — avete il 46?

bags in leather — borse di pelle

13) (dressed in)

in jeans — in jeans

in a skirt — con la gonna

dressed in black — vestito di nero

14) (expressing manner)

in German — in tedesco

in B flat — in si bemolle

in pencil — a o con la matita

in a circle — in cerchio

in pairs — a coppie

"no," he said in a whisper — "no" disse sussurrando

chicken in a white wine sauce — pollo in salsa di vino bianco

peaches in brandy — pesche al brandy

15) (as regards)

rich in minerals — ricco di minerali

deaf in one ear — sordo da un orecchio

10 cm in length — 10 cm di lunghezza

equal in weight — dello stesso peso

16) (by)

in accepting — nell'accettare, accettando

17) (in superlatives) di

the tallest tower in the world — la torre più alta del mondo

18) (in measurements)

there are 100 centimetres in a metre — ci sono 100 centimetri in un metro

there's nothing in it — sono più o meno uguali

the temperature was in the thirties — la temperatura superava i trenta gradi

19) (in ratios)

a gradient of 1 in 4 — una pendenza del 25%

a tax of 20 pence in the pound — una tassa di 20 penny per ogni sterlina

to have a one in five chance — avere una possibilità su cinque

20) (in approximate amounts)

in their hundreds — a centinaia

21) (expressing age)

he's in his twenties — è un ventenne, ha tra i venti e i trent'anni

people in their forties — i quarantenni

in old age — nella vecchiaia

22) in and out of

he's always in and out of the room — entra ed esce in continuazione

to weave in and out of — fare la gincana tra [traffic, tables]

23) in that poiché, per la ragione che
II [ɪn]
avverbio

1) (indoors)

to come in — entrare

to run in — entrare di corsa

to ask o invite sb. in — fare entrare qcn., invitare qcn. a entrare

2) (at home, at work)

to be in — esserci

I'm usually in by 9 am — di solito arrivo per le 9

to be in by midnight — rientrare per mezzanotte

to stay in — stare o rimanere a casa

3) (in prison, hospital)

he's in for murder — è dentro o in carcere per omicidio

she's in for a biopsy — è ricoverata per una biopsia

4) (arrived)

the train is in — il treno è in stazione

the ferry is in — il traghetto è entrato in porto

the sea o tide is in — la marea è alta

5) sport (within the boundary)

the ball is in — la palla è buona o dentro

6) (gathered)

the harvest is in — il raccolto è immagazzinato

7) (in supply)

we don't have any in — li abbiamo finiti

we've got some new titles in — ci sono arrivati dei nuovi titoli

8) (submitted)

applications must be in by the 3rd — le domande devono pervenire entro il 3

the homework has to be in tomorrow — i compiti vanno consegnati domani

9) (elected to office)

to be in — essere al potere

••

to have it in for sb. — colloq. avercela (a morte) con qcn.

you're in for it — colloq. sei nei guai

he's in for a shock — avrà uno shock
III [ɪn]
aggettivo (fashionable)

to be in to be the in thing essere alla moda, essere in; an in place — un posto alla moda
IV [ɪn]
nome

the ins and outs — i retroscena, i dettagli

she has an in with the boss — AE la porta del capo è sempre aperta per lei

* * *

(in(to) usually small pieces: The broken mirror lay in bits on the floor; He loves taking his car to bits.) in pezzi

* * *

abbr Am

Post, (= Indiana)

* * *
IN
sigla

( USA, Indiana) Indiana.

* * *
I [ɪn]
preposizione

1) (expressing location)

in Spain — in Spagna

in Paris — a Parigi

in town — in città

in hospital — in o all'ospedale

in school — a o nella scuola

in the film — nel film

in the newspaper — sul giornale

in the dictionary — sul o nel dizionario

in the garden — in o nel giardino

in bed — a letto

I'm in here! — sono qui dentro!

2) (inside, within) in, dentro

in the box — nella scatola

there's something in it — c'è qualcosa dentro

3) (expressing subject, field) in

in insurance — nelle assicurazioni

a course in history — un corso di storia

expert in computers — esperto di computer

4) (included, involved)

to be in politics — occuparsi di politica

to be in the team — far parte della squadra

to be in on — colloq. essere al corrente di [ secret]

5) (in expressions of time)

in May — a o in maggio

in 1998 — nel 1998

in the night — di o nella notte

in the twenties — negli anni '20

at 4 in the morning — alle 4 del mattino

6) (within the space of) in

to do sth. in 10 minutes — fare qcs. in 10 minuti

7) (expressing the future) tra

I'll be back in half an hour — sarò di ritorno tra mezz'ora

8) (for) da

it hasn't rained in weeks — non piove da settimane

9) (because of) in, per, a causa di

in his hurry he forgot his keys — nella fretta dimenticò le chiavi

10) (with reflexive pronouns)

it's no bad thing in itself — in sé non è una brutta cosa

how do you feel in yourself? — che cosa provi?

learning Italian is not difficult in itself — di per sé, imparare l'italiano non è difficile

11) (present in)

you see it in children — lo si vede nei bambini

he hasn't got it in him to succeed — non ha la stoffa per farcela

there's something in what he says — c'è qualcosa di vero in ciò che dice

12) (expressing colour, size, composition) in

available in several colours — disponibile in vari colori

have you got it in a 16? — avete il 46?

bags in leather — borse di pelle

13) (dressed in)

in jeans — in jeans

in a skirt — con la gonna

dressed in black — vestito di nero

14) (expressing manner)

in German — in tedesco

in B flat — in si bemolle

in pencil — a o con la matita

in a circle — in cerchio

in pairs — a coppie

"no," he said in a whisper — "no" disse sussurrando

chicken in a white wine sauce — pollo in salsa di vino bianco

peaches in brandy — pesche al brandy

15) (as regards)

rich in minerals — ricco di minerali

deaf in one ear — sordo da un orecchio

10 cm in length — 10 cm di lunghezza

equal in weight — dello stesso peso

16) (by)

in accepting — nell'accettare, accettando

17) (in superlatives) di

the tallest tower in the world — la torre più alta del mondo

18) (in measurements)

there are 100 centimetres in a metre — ci sono 100 centimetri in un metro

there's nothing in it — sono più o meno uguali

the temperature was in the thirties — la temperatura superava i trenta gradi

19) (in ratios)

a gradient of 1 in 4 — una pendenza del 25%

a tax of 20 pence in the pound — una tassa di 20 penny per ogni sterlina

to have a one in five chance — avere una possibilità su cinque

20) (in approximate amounts)

in their hundreds — a centinaia

21) (expressing age)

he's in his twenties — è un ventenne, ha tra i venti e i trent'anni

people in their forties — i quarantenni

in old age — nella vecchiaia

22) in and out of

he's always in and out of the room — entra ed esce in continuazione

to weave in and out of — fare la gincana tra [traffic, tables]

23) in that poiché, per la ragione che
II [ɪn]
avverbio

1) (indoors)

to come in — entrare

to run in — entrare di corsa

to ask o invite sb. in — fare entrare qcn., invitare qcn. a entrare

2) (at home, at work)

to be in — esserci

I'm usually in by 9 am — di solito arrivo per le 9

to be in by midnight — rientrare per mezzanotte

to stay in — stare o rimanere a casa

3) (in prison, hospital)

he's in for murder — è dentro o in carcere per omicidio

she's in for a biopsy — è ricoverata per una biopsia

4) (arrived)

the train is in — il treno è in stazione

the ferry is in — il traghetto è entrato in porto

the sea o tide is in — la marea è alta

5) sport (within the boundary)

the ball is in — la palla è buona o dentro

6) (gathered)

the harvest is in — il raccolto è immagazzinato

7) (in supply)

we don't have any in — li abbiamo finiti

we've got some new titles in — ci sono arrivati dei nuovi titoli

8) (submitted)

applications must be in by the 3rd — le domande devono pervenire entro il 3

the homework has to be in tomorrow — i compiti vanno consegnati domani

9) (elected to office)

to be in — essere al potere

••

to have it in for sb. — colloq. avercela (a morte) con qcn.

you're in for it — colloq. sei nei guai

he's in for a shock — avrà uno shock
III [ɪn]
aggettivo (fashionable)

to be in to be the in thing essere alla moda, essere in; an in place — un posto alla moda
IV [ɪn]
nome

the ins and outs — i retroscena, i dettagli

she has an in with the boss — AE la porta del capo è sempre aperta per lei

English-Italian dictionary > IN
10 up

1. a вверх

with a slight up gradient — с небольшим подъёмом

up or down arrow keys — клавиши стрелок "вверх" или "вниз"

up, down, left and right — вверх, вниз, налево и направо

saw up waveform — пилообразная форма волны с зубцами вверх

up, down, right, and left — вверх, вниз, направо и налево

up and down arrow keys — клавиши стрелок "вверх" и "вниз"

2. a растущий; улучшающийся

the up trend — тенденция к росту

3. a шипучий

4. a живой, оживлённый

5. a разг. быстрый

6. v разг. поднимать

he upped one end of the plank — он приподнял конец доски

pass up — поднимать

push up — поднимать

angle up — поднимать

bring up — поднимать

get up — подниматься

7. v разг. повышать

they upped the prices — они повысили цены

gear up — ускорять; повышать скорость вращения вала

scale up — повышать; увеличивать масштаб

to go up with a jump — резко повышаться

gone up with a jump — резко повышаться

go up with a jump — резко повышаться

8. v разг. увеличивать

they are upping production — они увеличивают выпуск продукции

driven up — ускорял; увеличивал число оборотов; ускоренный

step up shipment — увеличивать объем и темп перевозок

drive up — ускорять; увеличивать число оборотов

run up account — увеличивать остаток на счете

to step up export — увеличивать экспорт

9. v разг. увеличивать ставку

tie up supplies — задерживать доставку материальных средств

tied up supplies — задержал доставку материальных средств

to rack up — увеличивать объём

rev up — увеличивать обороты

multiplies up — увеличивает

10. v разг. разг. вскакивать

he ups and says a — он вскакивает и говорит

11. adv в; на; по

the army marched up the country — армия продвигалась в глубь страны

front up to L hold — подъем махом вперед в упор углом

throw - up overgrasp — отмах в вис хватом сверху

squat up candle vault — наскок в упор присев

pull - up to support — подъем силой в упор

glide kip up — вис углом и подъем разгибом

12. adv нахождение наверху наверху, вверху

what are you doing up there? — что вы делаете там наверху?

we live up on a hill — мы живём на вершине холма

the plane is up — самолёт в воздухе

have you ever been up in an aeroplane? — вы когда-нибудь летали?

up there you will have a good view — там наверху открывается красивый вид

half way up — на полпути вверх

the sun is up — солнце взошло

the moon is up — вышла луна

he lives three storeys up — он живёт тремя этажами выше

the river is up — уровень воды в реке поднялся

the tide is up — прилив начался

the window is up — стекло поднято

the curtain is up — занавес поднят

up in London — в Лондоне

up at Oxford — в Оксфорде

up at the university — в университете

will you be up during the vacation? — вы будете в университете во время каникул?

right, left, up, and down — направо, налево, вверх и вниз

up, down, left and right — вверх, вниз, налево и направо

right, left, up and down — вправо, влево, вверх и вниз

right, left, up and down — вправо, влево, вверх и вниз

climbing up — поднимающийся вверх по; подъем вверх по

13. adv разг. положение в седле верхом, в седле

the horse might have won with a better jockey up — лошадь могла бы выиграть, если бы жокей был лучше

this side up — верх здесь

up position — верхнее положение

throw - up — из упора отмах в вис

up one level — верх на один уровень

gear up lock — замок убранного положения шасси

14. adv муз. выше

one tone up — на тон выше

up a notch — на ступеньку выше

keep up — поддерживать на высоком уровне

Синонимический ряд:

1. bad (adj.) amiss; bad; dissatisfactory; poor; rotten; unsatisfactory; wrong

2. familiar (adj.) acquainted; au fait; conversant; familiar; informed; versant; versed

3. up-to-date (adj.) abreast; au courant; contemporary; down-to-date; red-hot; up-to-date; up-to-the-minute

4. boost (verb) augment; boost; elevate; expand; extend; hike; increase; jack; jack up; jump; put up; raise; raise up

5. rise (verb) arise; ascend; aspire; lift; mount; rise; soar; uprear

6. upward (other) away from the earth; higher; live; perpendicularly; pertinent; relevant; skyward; upward; urgent

English-Russian base dictionary > up
11 lapse

1. noun
1) (interval)

a/the lapse of... — eine/die Zeitspanne von...

a lapse in the conversation — eine Gesprächspause

2) (mistake) Fehler, der; Lapsus, der (geh.)

lapse of memory — Gedächtnislücke, die

3) (deviation) Verstoß, der ( from gegen)

momentary lapse of concentration — momentane Konzentrationsschwäche
2. intransitive verb
1) (fail) versagen

lapse from something — etwas vermissen lassen

2) (sink)

lapse into — verfallen in (+ Akk.); fallen in (+ Akk.) [Schlaf, Koma]

3) (become void) [Vertrag, Versicherungspolice usw.:] ungültig werden; [Plan, Projekt:] hinfällig werden; [Anspruch:] verfallen

* * *
[læps] 1. verb
1) (to cease to exist, often because of lack of effort: His insurance policy had lapsed and was not renewed.) ablaufen

2) (to slip, fall, be reduced: As he could think of nothing more to say, he lapsed into silence; I'm afraid our standards of tidiness have lapsed.) sinken
2. noun
1) (a mistake or failure (in behaviour, memory etc): a lapse of memory.) das Versehen

2) (a passing away (of time): I saw him again after a lapse of five years.) die Zeitspanne

* * *

lapse

[læps]

I. n

1. (mistake) Versehen nt, [kleiner] Fehler, Lapsus m geh; (moral) Ausrutscher m fam, Fehltritt m

\lapse of attention/concentration Aufmerksamkeits-/Konzentrationsmangel m

\lapse of judgement Fehleinschätzung f

\lapse of memory Gedächtnislücke f

2. no pl (of time) Zeitspanne f, Zeitraum m

after a \lapse of a few days/hours nach Verstreichen einiger Tage/Stunden

3. LAW of a legacy Hinfälligkeit f

II. vi

1. (fail) attention, concentration abschweifen; quality, standard nachlassen, sich akk verschlechtern

to \lapse into bad habits schlechte Angewohnheiten annehmen

to \lapse into crime in die Kriminalität abrutschen

to \lapse back into old habits in alte Angewohnheiten zurückverfallen

2. (end) ablaufen; contract also erlöschen; subscription auslaufen

3. (pass into)

▪ to \lapse into sth in etw akk verfallen; (revert to)

▪ to \lapse [back] into sth in etw akk zurückfallen

to \lapse into a coma/unconsciousness ins Koma/in Ohnmacht fallen

to \lapse into one's native dialect in seinen Dialekt verfallen

to \lapse into silence in Schweigen verfallen

the meeting \lapsed into silence Schweigen senkte sich über die Versammlung

4. (cease membership) austreten

* * *
[lps]
1. n

1) (= error) Fehler m; (moral) Fehltritt m, Verfehlung f

lapse of judgement — Fehlurteil nt

he had a momentary lapse of concentration — seine Konzentration ließ einen Augenblick nach

to suffer from lapses of memory or memory lapses — an Gedächtnisschwäche leiden

lapse of taste — Geschmacksverirrung f

a serious security lapse — ein schwerer Verstoß gegen die Sicherheitsvorkehrungen

2) (= decline) Absinken nt no pl, Abgleiten nt no pl

a lapse in confidence — ein Vertrauensschwund m

lapse in standards — Niveauabfall m

he noticed her lapse into German — ihm fiel auf, dass sie ins Deutsche verfiel

3) (= expiry) Ablauf m; (of claim) Verfall m, Erlöschen nt; (= cessation) Aussterben nt, Schwinden nt

4) (of time) Zeitspanne f, Zeitraum m

time lapse — Zeitspanne f, Zeitraum m

after a lapse of 4 months — nach (einem Zeitraum von) 4 Monaten

there was a lapse in the conversation — es gab eine Gesprächspause

2. vi

1) (= make mistake) einen Fehler begehen, etwas falsch machen; (morally) fehlen (liter), einen Fehltritt begehen, unrecht tun

to lapse from one's faith — von seinem Glauben abfallen, seinem Glauben abtrünnig werden

2) (= decline) verfallen (into in +acc), abgleiten (from sth into sth von etw in etw acc)

to lapse into one's old ways —

he lapsed into German/legal jargon — er verfiel ins Deutsche/in den Anwaltsjargon

he lapsed into silence — er versank in Schweigen

he lapsed into a coma — er sank in ein Koma

he/his work is lapsing — er/seine Arbeit lässt nach, mit ihm/seiner Arbeit geht es bergab

3) (= expire) ablaufen; (claims) verfallen, erlöschen; (= cease to exist) aussterben; (friendship, correspondence) einschlafen

after two months have lapsed — nach (Ablauf von) zwei Monaten

* * *

lapse [læps]

A s

1. Lapsus m, Versehen n, (kleiner) Fehler oder Irrtum:

lapse of concentration momentane Konzentrationsschwäche;

lapse of the pen Schreibfehler;

lapse of justice Justizirrtum;

lapse of taste Geschmacksverirrung f

2. Vergehen n, Entgleisung f, Fehltritt m, Sünde f:

lapse from duty Pflichtversäumnis n;

lapse from faith Abfall m vom Glauben;

moral lapse, lapse from virtue moralische Entgleisung oder Verfehlung;

lapse into heresy Verfallen n in Ketzerei

3. a) Ab-, Verlauf m, Vergehen n (der Zeit)

b) (Frist) Ablauf m

c) Zeitspanne f

4. JUR

a) Verfall m, Erlöschen n (von Rechten etc)

b) Heimfall m (von Erbteilen etc)

5. Verfall m, Absinken n, Niedergang m

6. Aufhören n, Verschwinden n, Aussterben n

7. auch lapse rate METEO vertikaler (Temperatur)Gradient

B v/i

1. a) vergehen, -streichen (Zeit)

b) ablaufen (Frist)

2. verfallen, versinken ( beide:

into in akk):

lapse into silence

3. absinken, abgleiten, verfallen ( alle:

into in akk):

lapse into barbarism

4. (moralisch) entgleisen, einen Fehltritt tun, sündigen

5. abfallen ( from faith vom Glauben)

6. lapse from duty seine Pflicht versäumen

7. a) aufhören, einschlafen (Beziehungen, Unterhaltung etc)

b) nachlassen (Konzentration etc)

8. verschwinden, aussterben

9. JUR

a) verfallen, erlöschen (Anspruch, Recht etc)

b) heimfallen (to an akk)

* * *
1. noun
1) (interval)

a/the lapse of... — eine/die Zeitspanne von...

a lapse in the conversation — eine Gesprächspause

2) (mistake) Fehler, der; Lapsus, der (geh.)

lapse of memory — Gedächtnislücke, die

3) (deviation) Verstoß, der ( from gegen)

momentary lapse of concentration — momentane Konzentrationsschwäche
2. intransitive verb
1) (fail) versagen

lapse from something — etwas vermissen lassen

2) (sink)

lapse into — verfallen in (+ Akk.); fallen in (+ Akk.) [Schlaf, Koma]

3) (become void) [Vertrag, Versicherungspolice usw.:] ungültig werden; [Plan, Projekt:] hinfällig werden; [Anspruch:] verfallen

* * *

n.

Verfehlung f. v.

verfließen v.

English-german dictionary > lapse
12 in

in [ɪn]

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

1. preposition

2. adverb

3. adjective

4. plural noun

5. compounds

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

1. preposition

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

► When in is an element in a phrasal verb, eg ask in, fill in, look up the verb. When it is part of a set combination, eg in danger, weak in, look up the other word.

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

   a. (place) dans

• in the box dans la boîte

• in the street dans la rue

► in it/them ( = inside it, inside them) dedans

• our bags were stolen, and our passports were in them on nous a volé nos sacs et nos passeports étaient dedans

   b. (people, animals, plants) chez

• a condition rare in a child of that age une maladie rare chez un enfant de cet âge

• you find this instinct in animals on trouve cet instinct chez les animaux

• it's something I admire in her c'est quelque chose que j'admire chez elle

   c. (with geographical names)

► in + feminine countries, regions, islands en

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

► Feminine countries usually end in -e.

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

• in England en Angleterre

• in Provence en Provence

• in Sicily en Sicile

• in Louisiana en Louisiane

• in Cornwall en Cornouailles

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

► en is also used with masculine countries beginning with a vowel or silent h.

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

• in Israel en Israël

► in + masculine country au

• in Japan/Kuwait au Japon/Koweït

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

► Note also the following:

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

• in the Sahara au Sahara

► in + plural country/group of islands aux

• in the United States aux États-Unis► in + town/island without article à

• in London à Londres

• in Cuba à Cuba► in + masculine state/French region/county dans

• in Poitou dans le Poitou

• in Sussex dans le Sussex

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

► dans is also used with islands with île in their name, and with many departments.

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

• in the Isle of Man dans l'île de Man

• in the Var dans le Var

• in the Vendée en Vendée

   d. (with time expressions) ( = in the space of) en ; ( = after) dans

• I can't do it in two hours je ne peux pas le faire en deux heures

• he has written twice in three years il a écrit deux fois en trois ans

• it'll be ready in three hours ce sera prêt dans trois heures

• I'll be back in a week je reviendrai dans une semaine

• once in a hundred years une fois tous les cent ans

   e. (month, year, season) en

• in May en mai

• in 2001 en 2001

• in summer/autumn/winter en été/automne/hiver

• in spring au printemps

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

► Look up the noun when translating such phrases as in the morning, in the end.

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

   f. ( = wearing) en

• they were all in shorts ils étaient tous en short

• in his slippers en pantoufles

• you look nice in that dress tu es jolie dans cette robe

   g. (language, medium, material) en

• in French en français

• in marble/velvet en marbre/velours

   h. (ratio) sur

• one man in ten un homme sur dix

• a one in fifty chance of survival une chance sur cinquante de survie

   i. (following superlative) de

• the highest mountain in Europe la plus haute montagne d'Europe

   j. ( = while) en

• in trying to save her he fell into the water himself en essayant de la sauver, il est tombé à l'eau

2. adverb

   a. ( = inside) à l'intérieur

• she opened the door and they all rushed in elle a ouvert la porte et ils se sont tous précipités à l'intérieur

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

► When in means in it or in them, it is translated by y.

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

• she opened her bag and put the ticket in elle a ouvert son sac et y a mis le billet

   b. (at home, work)

► to be in [person] être là

• the boss isn't in yet le patron n'est pas encore là

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

► When in means at home, chez + pronoun can also be used.

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

• he's usually in on Saturday morning il est généralement chez lui le samedi matin

• you're never in! tu n'es jamais chez toi !

• is Paul in? est-ce que Paul est là ?

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

► to be in may require a more specific translation.

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

• the essays have to be in by Friday les dissertations doivent être rendues d'ici vendredi

   c. (set structures)

► in between + noun/pronoun entre

• he positioned himself in between the two weakest players il s'est placé entre les deux joueurs les plus faibles

• in between adventures, he finds time for... entre deux aventures, il trouve le temps de...► to be in for sth ( = be threatened with)

we are in for trouble (inf) nous allons avoir des ennuis

• you don't know what you're in for! (inf) tu ne sais pas ce qui t'attend !

• he's in for it! (inf) il va en prendre pour son grade ! (inf)► to be in on sth (inf) ( = know about)

to be in on a secret être au courant d'un secret► in that ( = seeing that)

the new treatment is preferable in that... le nouveau traitement est préférable car...► to be well in with sb (inf) être dans les petits papiers de qn (inf)

• she's well in with the management elle est bien avec la direction

3. adjective

( = fashionable) (inf) à la mode

• it's the in place to eat c'est le restaurant branché (inf) en ce moment

• it's the in thing to... c'est très à la mode de...

4. plural noun

• to know the ins and outs of a matter connaître les tenants et aboutissants d'une affaire

• she knows the ins and outs of the system elle connaît le système dans ses moindres détails

5. compounds

► in-built adjective [tendency] inné ; [feature, device] intégré

► in-car entertainment system noun autoradio m

► the in-crowd (inf) noun les branchés (inf) mpl

• to be in with the in-crowd faire partie des branchés (inf) ► in-depth adjective en profondeur

► in-group noun cercle m fermé

► in-house adjective [training] en entreprise adverb [train, produce] en interne

► in-joke noun plaisanterie f pour initiés

► in-laws (inf) plural noun

( = parents-in-law) beaux-parents mpl ; (others) belle-famille f

► in-patient noun malade mf hospitalisé (e)

► in-service education noun (US) formation f continue

► in-service training noun formation f continue

• to have in-service training faire un stage d'initiation ► in-store adjective [detective] employé par le magasin

► in-tray noun corbeille f « arrivée »

* * *

Note: in is often used after verbs in English ( join in, tuck in, result in, write in etc). For translations, consult the appropriate verb entry (join, tuck, result, write etc)

If you have doubts about how to translate a phrase or expression beginning with in ( in a huff, in business, in trouble etc) you should consult the appropriate noun entry (huff, business, trouble etc)

This dictionary contains usage notes on such topics as age, countries, dates, islands, months, towns and cities etc. Many of these use the preposition in. For the index to these notes

For examples of the above and particular functions and uses of in, see the entry below
[ɪn] 1.
preposition

1) ( expressing location or position)

in Paris — à Paris

in Spain — en Espagne

in school — à l'école

in prison/town — en prison/ville

in the film/newspaper — dans le film/journal

I'm in here! — je suis là!; bath, bed

2) (inside, within) dans

in the box — dans la boîte

there's something in it — il y a quelque chose dedans or à l'intérieur

3) ( expressing a subject or field) dans

in insurance — dans les assurances; course, expert

4) (included, involved)

to be in politics — faire de la politique

to be in the team — faire partie de l'équipe

to be in on the secret — (colloq) être dans le secret

I wasn't in on it — (colloq) je n'étais pas dans le coup (colloq)

5) ( in expressions of time)

in May — en mai

in 1987 — en 1987

in the night — pendant la nuit

in the twenties — dans les années 20

at four in the morning — à quatre heures du matin

day in day out — tous les jours (sans exception)

6) ( within the space of) en

to do something in 10 minutes — faire quelque chose en 10 minutes

7) ( expressing the future) dans

I'll be back in half an hour — je serai de retour dans une demi-heure

8) ( for) depuis

it hasn't rained in weeks — il n'a pas plu depuis des semaines, ça fait des semaines qu'il n'a pas plu

9) (during, because of) dans

in his hurry he forgot his keys — dans sa précipitation il a oublié ses clés

10) ( with reflexive pronouns)

it's no bad thing in itself — ce n'est pas une mauvaise chose en soi

how do you feel in yourself? — est-ce que tu as le moral?; itself

11) (present in, inherent in)

you see it in children — on le rencontre chez les enfants

it's rare in cats — c'est rare chez les chats

he hasn't got it in him to succeed — il n'est pas fait pour réussir

there's something in what he says — il y a du vrai dans ce qu'il dit

12) (expressing colour, composition) en

available in several colours — disponible en plusieurs couleurs

13) ( dressed in) en

in a skirt — en jupe

dressed in black — habillé en noir

14) ( expressing manner or medium)

in German — en allemand

in B flat — en si bémol

‘no,’ he said in a whisper — ‘non,’ a-t-il chuchoté

chicken in a white wine sauce — du poulet à la sauce au vin blanc

in pencil/in ink — au crayon/à l'encre

15) ( as regards)

rich/poor in minerals — riche/pauvre en minéraux

deaf in one ear — sourd d'une oreille

10 cm in length — 10 cm de long

16) (by)

in accepting — en acceptant

in doing so — en faisant cela

17) ( in superlatives) de

the tallest tower in the world — la plus grande tour du monde

18) ( in measurements)

there are 100 centimetres in a metre — il y a 100 centimètres dans un mètre

in centimetres — en centimètres

in a smaller size — dans une taille plus petite

19) ( in ratios)

a gradient of 1 in 4 — une pente de 25%

a tax of 20 pence in the pound — une taxe de 20 pence par livre sterling

to have a one in five chance — avoir une chance sur cinq

20) ( in approximate amounts)

in their hundreds ou thousands — par centaines or milliers

to cut something in three — couper quelque chose en trois

21) ( expressing age)

she's in her twenties — elle a entre vingt et trente ans

people in their forties — les gens qui ont entre quarante et cinquante ans

in old age — avec l'âge, en vieillissant
2.
in and out prepositional phrase

to come in and out — entrer et sortir

to weave in and out of — se faufiler entre [traffic, tables]

to be in and out of prison all one's life — passer la plus grande partie de sa vie en prison
3.
in that conjunctional phrase dans la mesure où
4.
adverb

1) ( indoors)

to come in — entrer

to run in — entrer en courant

to ask ou invite somebody in — faire entrer quelqu'un

2) (at home, at work)

to be in — être là

I'm usually in by 9 am — j'arrive généralement à 9 heures

to come in two days a week — venir deux jours par semaine

to be in by midnight — être rentré avant minuit; keep, stay

3) (in prison, in hospital)

he's in for murder — il a été emprisonné pour meurtre

she's in for a biopsy — elle est entrée à l'hôpital pour une biopsie

4) ( arrived)

the train is in — le train est en gare

the ferry is in — le ferry est à quai

the sea ou tide is in — c'est marée haute; come, get

5) Sport

the ball is in — la balle est bonne

6) ( gathered)

the harvest is in — la moisson est rentrée

7) ( in supply)

we don't have any in — nous n'en avons pas en stock

we've got some new titles in — on a reçu quelques nouveaux titres

to get some beer in — aller chercher de la bière

8) ( submitted)

applications must be in by the 23rd — les candidatures doivent être déposées avant le 23

the homework has to be in tomorrow — le devoir doit être rendu demain; get, power, vote
5.
(colloq) adjective

to be in —

to be the in thing — être à la mode

••

to know the ins and outs of an affair — connaître une affaire dans les moindres détails

to have an in with somebody — US avoir ses entrées chez quelqu'un

to have it in for somebody — (colloq) avoir quelqu'un dans le collimateur (colloq)

you're in for it — (colloq) tu vas avoir des ennuis

he's in for a shock/surprise — il va avoir un choc/être surpris

English-French dictionary > in
13 inclination

1. n наклонение, наклон

an inclination of the head — кивок

correction for inclination — поправка на наклон

longitudinal inclination — продольное наклонение

orbit plane inclination — наклон плоскости орбиты

angle of groove inclination — угол наклона канавки

inclination error — погрешность вследствие наклона

2. n наклон, уклон; склон; откос; скат

the inclination of a roof — уклон крыши

angular inclination — наклон

inclination angle — угол наклона

angle of inclination — угол наклона

groove inclination — наклон канавки

boom inclination — наклон стрелы крана

3. n величина отклонения

ratio of inclination — величина уклона дороги

rotor inclination — отклонение оси вращения несущего винта

4. n спец. склонение

5. n расположение; склонность

to have an inclination for music — иметь склонность к музыке

inclination to — склонность

inclination for — склонность

bad inclination — плохая склонность

6. n предрасположение, предрасположенность, склонность

an inclination to stoutness — предрасположение к полноте

7. n общий характер или ход

to influence the inclination of the war — влиять на ход войны

Синонимический ряд:

1. acclivity (noun) acclivity; pitch; rise

2. appetite (noun) appetite; fondness; soft spot; taste; weakness

3. head (noun) aptitude; aptness; faculty; flair; genius; gift; head; instinct; knack; talent

4. leaning (noun) bent; bias; bow; cant; disposition; drift; grade; gradient; incline; inclining; lean; leaning; lurch; partiality; penchant; predilection; predisposition; preference; proclivity; propensity; sentiment; slant; slope; tendency; tending; tilt; verging

5. will (noun) fancy; liking; mind; pleasure; velleity; will

Антонимический ряд:

antipathy; apathy; aversion; coldness; disinclination; dislike; impotence; inattention; indifference; insouciance; level

English-Russian base dictionary > inclination
14 in

in

❢ In is often used after verbs in English ( join in, tuck in, result in, write in etc). For translations, consult the appropriate verb entry (join, tuck, result, write etc). If you have doubts about how to translate a phrase or expression beginning with in ( in a huff, in business, in trouble etc) you should consult the appropriate noun entry (huff, business, trouble etc). This dictionary contains Usage Notes on such topics as age, countries, dates, islands, months, towns and cities etc. Many of these use the preposition in. For examples of the above and particular functions and uses of in, see the entry below.

A prep

1 ( expressing location or position) in Paris à Paris ; in Spain en Espagne ; in hospital/school à l'hôpital/l'école ; in prison/class/town en prison/classe/ville ; in the film/dictionary/newspaper dans le film/dictionnaire/journal ; in the garden dans le jardin, au jardin ; I'm in here! je suis là! ; ⇒ bath, bed ;

2 (inside, within) dans ; in the box dans la boîte ; there's something in it il y a quelque chose dedans or à l'intérieur ;

3 ( expressing a subject or field) dans ; in insurance/marketing dans les assurances/le marketing ; ⇒ course, degree, expert ;

4 (included, involved) to be in the army être dans l'armée ; to be in politics faire de la politique ; to be in the team/group/collection faire partie de l'équipe/du groupe/de la collection ; to be in on ○ être dans [secret] ; to be in on the plan ○ être dans le coup ○ ; I wasn't in on it ○ je n'étais pas dans le coup ○ ; to be in at the finish être là à la fin ;

5 ( in expressions of time) in May en mai ; in 1987 en 1987 ; in the night pendant la nuit ; in the twenties dans les années 20 ; at four in the morning à quatre heures du matin ; at two in the afternoon à deux heures de l'après-midi ; day in day out tous les jours (sans exception) ;

6 ( within the space of) en ; to do sth in 10 minutes faire qch en 10 minutes ; in a matter of seconds en quelques secondes ;

7 ( expressing the future) dans ; I'll be back in half an hour je serai de retour dans une demi-heure ;

8 ( for) depuis ; it hasn't rained in weeks il n'a pas plu depuis des semaines, ça fait des semaines qu'il n'a pas plu ;

9 (during, because of) dans ; in the confusion, he escaped dans la confusion, il s'est échappé ; in his hurry he forgot his keys dans sa précipitation il a oublié ses clés ;

10 ( with reflexive pronouns) it's no bad thing in itself ce n'est pas une mauvaise chose en soi ; how do you feel in yourself? est-ce que tu as le moral? ; ⇒ itself ;

11 (present in, inherent in) you see it in children on le rencontre chez les enfants ; it's rare in cats c'est rare chez les chats ; we lost a talented surgeon in Jim nous avons perdu un chirurgien brillant en la personne de Jim ; he hasn't got it in him to succeed il n'est pas fait pour réussir ; there's something in what he says il y a du vrai dans ce qu'il dit ;

12 (expressing colour, composition) en ; it comes in green il existe en vert ; available in several colours disponible en plusieurs couleurs ; bags in leather and canvas des sacs en cuir et en toile ;

13 ( dressed in) en ; in jeans/a skirt en jean/jupe ; in sandals en sandales ; dressed in black habillé en noir ;

14 ( expressing manner or medium) in German en allemand ; in one dollar bills en billets d'un dollar ; in B flat en si bémol ; ‘no,’ he said in a whisper ‘non,’ a-t-il chuchoté ; chicken in a white wine sauce du poulet à la sauce au vin blanc ; peaches in brandy des pêches à l'eau de vie ; in pencil/in ink au crayon/à l'encre ;

15 ( as regards) rich/poor in minerals riche/pauvre en minéraux ; deaf in one ear sourd d'une oreille ; 10 cm in length 10 cm de long ; equal in weight du même poids ;

16 (by) in accepting en acceptant ; in doing so en faisant cela ;

17 ( in superlatives) de ; the tallest tower in the world la plus grande tour du monde ;

18 ( in measurements) there are 100 centimetres in a metre il y a 100 centimètres dans un mètre ; what's that in centimetres? combien ça fait en centimètres? ; have you got it in a 16? est-ce que vous l'avez en 42? ; in a smaller size dans une taille plus petite ; there's only 1 cm in it il n'y a qu'un cm de différence ; there's nothing in it ils/elles se valent ; the temperature was in the thirties il faisait dans les trente degrés ;

19 ( in ratios) a gradient of 1 in 4 une pente de 25% ; a tax of 20 pence in the pound une taxe de 20 pence par livre sterling ; to have a one in five chance avoir une chance sur cinq ;

20 ( in approximate amounts) in their hundreds ou thousands par centaines ; to cut/break sth in three couper/casser qch en trois ;

21 ( expressing arrangement) in a circle en cercle ; in rows of 12 par rangées de douze ; in pairs deux par deux ; in bundles en liasses ;

22 ( expressing age) she's in her twenties elle a une vingtaine d'années ; people in their forties les gens qui ont la quarantaine ; in old age avec l'âge, en vieillissant.

B in and out prep phr to come in and out entrer et sortir ; he's always in and out of the house ou room il n'arrête pas d'entrer et de sortir ; to weave in and out of se faufiler entre [traffic, tables] ; to be in and out of prison all one's life passer la plus grande partie de sa vie en prison ; to be in and out of hospital a lot passer beaucoup de temps à l'hôpital.

C in that conj phr dans la mesure où.

D adv

1 ( indoors) to come in entrer ; to run in entrer en courant ; to ask ou invite sb in faire entrer qn ; in with you! allez, rentrez! ;

2 (at home, at work) to be in être là ; you're never in tu n'es jamais là ; I'm usually in by 9 am j'arrive généralement à 9 heures ; to come in two days a week venir au bureau deux jours par semaine ; to be in by midnight être rentré avant minuit ; to spend the evening in, to have an evening in passer la soirée à la maison ; ⇒ keep, stay ;

3 (in prison, in hospital) he's in for murder il a été emprisonné pour meurtre ; she's in for a biopsy elle est entrée à l'hôpital pour une biopsie ;

4 ( arrived) the train is in le train est en gare ; the ferry is in le ferry est à quai ; the sea ou tide is in c'est marée haute ; ⇒ come, get ;

5 Sport ( within the boundary) the ball ou shot is in la balle est bonne ; ( batting) England is in l'équipe anglaise est à la batte ;

6 ( gathered) the harvest is in la moisson est rentrée ;

7 ( in supply) we don't have any in nous n'en avons pas en stock ; I should get some in tomorrow je devrais en recevoir demain ; we've got some new titles in on a reçu quelques nouveaux titres ; to get some beer/a video in aller chercher de la bière/une vidéocassette ;

8 ( submitted) applications must be in by the 23rd les candidatures doivent être déposées avant le 23 ; the homework has to be in tomorrow le devoir doit être rendu demain ; ⇒ get, power, vote.

E ○ adj ( fashionable) to be in, to be the in thing être à la mode ; it's the in place to eat c'est le restaurant à la mode.

Idioms

to know the ins and outs of an affair connaître une affaire dans les moindres détails ; to have an in with sb US avoir ses entrées chez qn ; to have it in for sb ○ avoir qn dans le collimateur ○ ; you're in for it ○ tu vas avoir des ennuis ; he's in for a shock/surprise il va avoir un choc/être surpris.

Big English-French dictionary > in

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bad gradient

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Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

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bad gradient

См. также в других словарях:

Поделиться ссылкой на выделенное

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